Fungal Population Analysis of Hydrocarbons Contaminated Soil

Samples from Taq-taq Oil Field in Koya City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

  • Srwa A. Mohammed Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Danielle Mitterrand Boulevard, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8327-2711
  • Taha J. Omar Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Danielle Mitterrand Boulevard, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8646-097X
  • Ayad H. Hassan (1) Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Danielle Mitterrand Boulevard, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq ; (2)Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Technology, Cihan University – Erbil, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7280-2254
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11745
Keywords: Fungal community, Metagenomics, Operational taxonomic unit number, Statistical analysis, V4 18S rRNA gene

Abstract

Petroleum is often regarded as one of the environmental hazards that pose the greatest threat to human health. After radiation, petroleum and all of its byproducts and wastes are considered to have the second-worst effect on the environment. Demonstrating fungal microbiomes that flourish on soil heavily polluted by petroleum and moderately contaminated soil samples, comparing them with uncontaminated soil samples from Taq-taq (TTOPCO) through metagenomic analysis through sequencing of the 18S-V4 region. Metagenomic analysis is conducted using high-throughput sequencing technology, targeting 18 subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid amplicons through the Illumina-HiSeq platform. In general, an increase in fungal community richness and diversity is reported in soil contaminated with petroleum. This is determined by counting the number of operational taxonomic units, performing principal coordinate analysis, and calculating α (Chao1 and Shannon indices) and ß diversity. The composition of microbial communities is significantly altered by crude oil exposure. At the phylum level, there are considerable transitions between groups B and C for Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Olpidiomycota, Zoopagomycota, Cryptomycota, and Mucoromycota. In examining Group D relative to Group C, there are significant differences in Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Olpidiomycota, and Cryptomycota. This study is an important first step in determining and understanding the fungal population of soil extensively contaminated with crude oils of the Taq-taq/Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

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Author Biographies

Srwa A. Mohammed, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Danielle Mitterrand Boulevard, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

Srwa A. Mohammed is an Assistant Prof. teaching at the Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Science and Health, at Koya University, Kurdistan Region, F.R. Iraq. She got the B.Sc. degree in biology, the M.Sc. degree in microbial genetics, and the Ph.D. degree in microbiology. IShe is a member of Kurdistan Biological Syndicate. Her research interests include soil microbiomes, metagenomics, microbial virulence factors, and bioactive compounds.

Taha J. Omar, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Danielle Mitterrand Boulevard, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

Taha J. Omar is an Assistant Prof. teaching at the Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Health, at Koya University, Kurdistan Region, F.R. Iraq. He got his B.Sc. degree in Biology in 1998, his M.Sc. degree in Biology in 2003, and his Ph.D. degree in Mycology in 2009. He is a member of the Kurdistan Biological Syndicate. His research interests include mycology, medical mycology, mycotoxins, fungal physiology, and fungal biotechnology.

Ayad H. Hassan, (1) Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Danielle Mitterrand Boulevard, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq ; (2)Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Technology, Cihan University – Erbil, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

Ayad H. Hassan is a professor of molecular microbiology. He got his BSc degree in Biology and MSc degree in Biotechnology from Mosul University and later obtained his Ph.D. in Molecular Microbiology from Leeds University in the UK. His research interests focus on secondary metabolism in Streptomyces, metagenomics, bioinformatics, natural products, drug discovery, gut microbiota, and plastic degradation.

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Published
2024-12-25
How to Cite
Mohammed, S. A., Omar, T. J. and Hassan, A. H. (2024) “Fungal Population Analysis of Hydrocarbons Contaminated Soil: Samples from Taq-taq Oil Field in Koya City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq”, ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY, 12(2), pp. 246-253. doi: 10.14500/aro.11745.
Issue
Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Issue Twenty Three
Section
Articles

Copyright (c) 2024 Srwa A. Mohammed, Taha J. Omar , Ayad H. Hassan

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