Reconstruction the Missing Pixels for Landsat ETM+SLC-off Images Using  Multiple Linear Regression Model

Asmaa S. Abdul Jabar; Ghazali B. Sulong; Loay E. George; Mohd Shafry; Zinah S. Abduljabar

doi:10.14500/aro.10147

Asmaa S. Abdul Jabar 1. Universiti Technologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai Johor Takzin, Malaysia. 2. University of Al -Mustansiriyah, College of Science, Department of Computer, Baghdad http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7946-470X
Ghazali B. Sulong UTM-IRDA Digital Media Center (MaGIC – X), Faculity of Computing, Universiti Technologi Malaysia, 81310. UTM Skudai Johor Takzin, Malaysia
Loay E. George Department of Computer, College of science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, F.R. - Iraq
Mohd Shafry UTM-IRDA Digital Media Center (MaGIC – X), Faculity of Computing, Universiti Technologi Malaysia, 81310. UTM Skudai Johor Takzin
Zinah S. Abduljabar Department of Computer, College of Science, University of Al -Mustansiriyah, Baghdad

Keywords: ETM SLC-off images, gap filling, multiple Linear Regression (MLR), simple linear regression (SLR).

Abstract

On 31 May 2003, the scan line corrector (SLC) of the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensor which compensates for the forward motion of the satellite in the imagery acquired failed permanently, resulting in loss of the ability to scan about 20% of the pixels in each Landsat 7 SLC-off image. This permanent failure has seriously hampered the scientific applications of ETM+ images. In this study, an innovative gap filling approach has been introduced to recover the missing pixels in the SLC-off images using multi-temporal ETM+ SLC-off auxiliary fill images. A correlation is established between the corresponding pixels in the target SLC-off image and two fill images in parallel using the multiple linear regressions (MLR) model. Simulated and actual SLC-off ETM+ images were used to assess the performance of the proposed method by comparing with multi-temporal data based methods, the LLHM method which is based on simple linear regression (SLR) model. The qualitative and quantitative evaluations indicate that the proposed method can recover the value of un-scanned pixels accurately, especially in heterogeneous landscape and even with more temporally distant fill images.

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Author Biographies

Asmaa S. Abdul Jabar, 1. Universiti Technologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai Johor Takzin, Malaysia. 2. University of Al -Mustansiriyah, College of Science, Department of Computer, Baghdad

Asmaa S. Abdul Jabar Has a B.Sc. degree in Physics, College of Science, Baghdad University (1990), Higher Diploma in Computer / Teaching and Learning, Department of Computer Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad (1999), and an M.Sc. degree in Computer Science (Image Processing), Iraqi Commission for Computers & Informatics, Informatics Institute for Postgraduate Studies (2002). Recently, she is Ph.D. Student in University Technology Malaysia (Now), Faculty of Computing. Her research interests are; Image processing, information hiding (Watermarking) and GIS.

Ghazali B. Sulong, UTM-IRDA Digital Media Center (MaGIC – X), Faculity of Computing, Universiti Technologi Malaysia, 81310. UTM Skudai Johor Takzin, Malaysia

Ghazali Bin Sulong is a Professor at the UTM-IRDA Digital Media Center (MaGIC – X),Faculityof Computing, UniversitiTechnologiMalaysia. He has a B.Sc. degree in statistics, National University of Malaysia, Malaysia (1979), M.Sc. degree in Computer Science, University of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (1982) and a Ph.D. degree in Computer Science, University of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom (1989). His research interests are; Biometric fingerprint identification, face recognition, ear recognition, handwritten recognition, object recognition, data hiding, digital watermarking, steganography, image encryption, object detection and segmentation and tracking.

Loay E. George, Department of Computer, College of science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, F.R. - Iraq

Loay E. George is an Assistant Professor at the College of Science, Baghdad University. He has a B. Sc. Degree in Physics, College of Science, Baghdad University, (1979), an M. Sc. Degree in Theoretical Physics, College of Science, Baghdad University (1983) and a Ph.D. degree in Digital Image Processing, College of Science, Baghdad University (1997). His research interests are; Digital video, image and audio compression techniques, GIS and GPS applications

Mohd Shafry, UTM-IRDA Digital Media Center (MaGIC – X), Faculity of Computing, Universiti Technologi Malaysia, 81310. UTM Skudai Johor Takzin

Mohd Shafry is an Assistant Prof. at the UTM-IRDA Digital MediaCenter (MaGIC – X), Faculity of Computing, Universiti Technologi Malaysia, 81310. UTM Skudai Johor Takzin, Malaysia. He has a B.Sc. Degree in Computer Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (1999), an M.Sc. Degree in Computer Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (2002) and a Ph. D. degree in Spatial Modelling, Universiti Putra Malaysia (2008). His research interests are; Computer graphics, image processing and spatial modelling.

Zinah S. Abduljabar, Department of Computer, College of Science, University of Al -Mustansiriyah, Baghdad

Zinah S. Abduljabar is a Lecturer at the Department of Computer, College of Science, University of Al -Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq. She has a B.Sc. degree in Computer Science, University of Al -Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq (2005) and an MSc. Degree in Computer Science, University of Al -Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq (2013).Her research interests are image processing and audio compression techniques. Her research interests are; Image processing and audio compression techniques.

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