Durability Assessment of Green Concrete Incorporating Volcanic Tuff Pozzolan, Basalt, and Recycled Aggregate

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.12083

Keywords:

Basalt, Durability, Green concrete, Recycled gravel, Resistance to simple pressure, Volcanic tuff

Abstract

Extending the lifespan of building structures is a critical strategy for mitigating environmental impacts, particularly greenhouse gas emissions from cement production, like emissions from cement. Green concrete, made from pozzolana, basalt, and recycled materials, was tested for durability. Samples were immersed in 2% sulfuric acid for a week, then checked for resistance loss. This study investigates the performance of various concrete mixtures through experiments and simulations where Portland Cement was replaced
by natural pozzolana ground into the bonding paste in proportions ranging from 10% to 50% with the use of four types of gravel structures I (natural gravel), II (recycled gravel), III (pozzolanic gravel with basalt sand), and IV (pozzolanic gravel and sand), where 128 cubes were poured with dimensions (10 × 10 × 10) cm to perform simple pressure tests on samples before and after immersion in a solution of sulfuric acid. The results showed that higher cement replacement percentages in mixtures with recycled aggregates resulted in greater durability reduction, with resistance losses exceeding 34% at 50% replacement, primarily due to the rounded aggregate morphology and lower acid resistance. In contrast, mixtures incorporating pozzolanic gravel and basalt sand showed superior performance, achieving only 18.7% resistance loss at 50% replacement (compared to 30.1% at lower replacement rates), highlighting basalt’s effective pore-filling capability. The optimal performance was observed in pozzolanic gravel-sand blends, which exhibited just 13.7% resistance loss, demonstrating enhanced synergistic pozzolanic activity. These findings validate that optimized pozzolana-basalt combinations significantly improve chemical resistance, offering promising solutions for sustainable concrete development.

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Author Biographies

Moustafa A. Wassouf, Department of Construction Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria

Moustafa A. Wassouf is a Lecturer at the Department of construction management, Faculty/College of Civil Engineering, Tishreen University. He got the B.Sc. degree in Tishreen University, the M.Sc. degree in Tishreen University and PhD Student in Tishreen University. His research interests are in information modeling of construction facilities, building materials and project management.

Jamal Y. Omran, Department of Construction Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria

Jamal Y. Omran is a Professor at the Department of construction management, College of Civil Engineering, Tishreen University, Syria. He got the B.Sc. degree in Tishreen University, the Ph.D. degree in Leipzig University of Applied Sciences: Leipzig, Saxony, Germany. His research interests are in construction project management engineering, economical construction projects and project management.

Ali I. Kheirbek, Department of Construction Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria

Ali I. Kheirbek is a Professor at the Department of construction management, Faculty/College of Civil Engineering, Tishreen University. He got the B.Sc. degree in Tishreen University, the Ph.D. degree in University of Cergy Pontoise, France, LCPC Paris. His research interests are in building materials and project management.

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Published

2025-08-01

How to Cite

Wassouf, M. A., Omran, J. Y. and Kheirbek, A. I. (2025) “Durability Assessment of Green Concrete Incorporating Volcanic Tuff Pozzolan, Basalt, and Recycled Aggregate”, ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY, 13(2), pp. 64–74. doi: 10.14500/aro.12083.
Received 2025-03-03
Accepted 2025-07-04
Published 2025-08-01

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