Immunological Role of Megakaryocytes and Platelets during Influenza A Virus Infection

Fryad M. Rahman

doi:10.14500/aro.11197

Fryad M. Rahman (1) Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, F.R. Iraq; (2) Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University - Sulaimaniya, Sulaimaniya 46001, Kurdistan region – F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-3454

Keywords: Influenza A virus, Megakaryocytes, Platelets, Killer activation receptors, FasL

Abstract

Influenza viruses pose a serious threat to public health, with severe cases often characterized by lung damage and inflammation. However, the underlying mechanisms of these processes remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the essential role of megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets (PLTs) in influenza A virus (IAV) infections. Conducted at the Department of Rare Respiratory Diseases, Cystic Fibrosis, and Pulmonology, Nord University Hospital, Marseille, France, the study collected seventy blood samples between October 2018 and March 2019. Samples were obtained from healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with IAV. Messenger RNA was extracted from isolated PLTs and subjected to quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction using sets of primers targeting immune marker genes. Western blot analysis was also performed for confirmation, focusing on Fas Ligand (FasL). Results showed that PLTs from IAV-infected individuals expressed the FasL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, and Granulysin (GNLY) receptors when activated. Furthermore, an in vitro assay revealed the presence of FasL receptors on infected CMK cell lines. In vivo investigations demonstrated that activated MKs and PLTs in mice also expressed FasL. Interestingly, none of the immune receptors under investigation were found in both MKs and PLTs in mouse model studies. In conclusion, MKs and PLTs play a significant role in influencing immune responses that may help prevent viral spread during infection. However, further examination of their mechanisms of action is warranted. Understanding the involvement of these cells in influenza pathogenesis could offer valuable insights for developing potential therapeutic strategies.

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Author Biography

Fryad M. Rahman, (1) Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, F.R. Iraq; (2) Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University - Sulaimaniya, Sulaimaniya 46001, Kurdistan region – F.R. Iraq

Fryad M. Rahman is a Lecturer at the Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani. He got the B.Sc. degree in Microbiology, the M.Sc. degree in Molecular Microbiology and another M.Sc. degree in Genomics & Health, and the Ph.D. degree in Molecular Genetics. His research interests are in Human Molecular Genetics, Cancer Genetics and Molecular Immuno-Virology. Dr. Fryad RAHMAN is a member of French Society for Cell Biology (SBCF) and European Society of Human Genetics (ESHG).

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