Toward Optimizing Coarse Aggregate Types and  Sizes in High-strength Concrete

Madeh Hamakareem; Daban Muhedin; Ahmed Hama Rash; Sangar Qadir; Loghman Khodakarami

doi:10.14500/aro.11589

Madeh I. Hamakareem Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1987-8932
Daban A. Muhedin Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-9111
Ahmed J. Hama Rash Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6745-6788
Sangar J. Qadir Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8342-4372
Loghman Khodakarami Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1992-4142

Keywords: High-strength concrete (HSC), maximum aggregate size, compressive Strength, splitting tensile strength, aggregate types

Abstract

The development of very effective coarse aggregate types and sizes can lead to a rapid increase in the production of high strengthconcrete (HSC). This research investigates the effects of five different coarse aggregate types and a range of maximum coarse aggregate sizes on the mechanical properties of concrete through experimental tests and numerical analysis. The workability of fresh concrete is examined using the slump cone test, whereas the mechanical performance of hardened concrete is assessed through compressive strength and splitting tensile strength tests. The experimental results are compared to the predicted results from the codes and design guidelines to assess their predictions. Both coarse aggregate types and sizes show a significant influence on the mechanical properties of HSC performance, especially the compressive strength of HSC, which could be increased on average by 25%. Moreover, the predictions of splitting tensile strength using the ACI 318 and ACI 363 equations are not very accurate, particularly at a high strength range. Therefore, this study develops a new equation for predicting splitting tensile strength based on both experimental test results conducted in this research and a significant amount of data collected from the literature. Evaluation metrics, including R2, RMSE, MAPE, and MAE, demonstrate the superior accuracy of the proposed equation compared to the design guidelines equations. The findings of this research can contribute toward the optimization of aggregate type and size in concrete mix design for enhanced performance and provide valuable insights into the relationship between compressive and splitting tensile strengths in HSC.

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Author Biographies

Madeh I. Hamakareem , Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

Madeh I. Hamakareem is a Lecturer at the Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University. He got the B.Sc. degree in Geotechnical Engineering, the M.Sc. degree in Structural Engineering. His research interests are in Concrete properties, Concrete Member Strengthening, and FRP reinforcement.

Daban A. Muhedin , Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

Daban A. Muhedin is a Lecturer at the Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University. He got the B.Sc. degree in Geotechnical Engineering, the M.Sc. degree in Structural and Concrete Engineering. His research interests are in Sustainability of Concrete.

Ahmed J. Hama Rash , Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

Ahmed Jabar Hama Rash is a Lecturer at the Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University. He got the B.Sc. degree in Geotechnical Engineering, the M.Sc. degree in Structural Engineering. His research interests are in structural concrete and concrete technology.

Sangar J. Qadir , Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

Sangar Jamal Qadir is a Lecturer at the Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Sulaimani University. He got the B.Sc. degree in Building Construction Engineering, the M.Sc. degree in Structural Engineering and the Ph.D. degree in Structural Engineering. His research interests are in Optimization, Finite Element Modelling, Earthquake Engineering, and Cold formed Steel, FRP and Fiber Reinforcement, and Repair and Construction Innovation.

Loghman Khodakarami, Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University, Koya KOY45, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

Loghman Khodakarami is a Lecturer at the Department Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Koya University. He got the B.Sc. Environmental Engineering, the M.Sc. degree in Environmental Engineering/ Neutral Resources Engineering and the Ph.D. degree in Neutral Resources Engineering -ٍLand-use planning. His research interests are GIS and RS, Land planning, and Urban Sustainable Development.

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