Size Reduction and Harmonics Suppression in Microwave Power Dividers:

Sobhan Roshani; Salah I. Yahya; Yazeed Y. Ghadi; Saeed Roshani; Fariborz  Parandin; Behnam D. Yaghouti

doi:10.14500/aro.11385

Sobhan Roshani Department of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, 6718997551, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5088-499X
Salah I. Yahya Department of Communication and Computer Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2724-5118
Yazeed Y. Ghadi Department of Software Engineering and Computer Science, Al Ain University, Al Ain, 64141, United Arab Emirates https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7121-495X
Saeed Roshani Department of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, 6718997551, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4024-2755
Fariborz Parandin Department of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, 6718997551, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9044-3048
Behnam D. Yaghouti Department of Information and Communications Technology, Amin University, Tehran, Iran https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2410-7235

Keywords: Harmonics suppression, Microstrip, Power divider, Size reduction

Abstract

In this paper, several types of microstrip power divider are studied and compared in terms of harmonics suppression and size reductions. The importance of this research lies in the fact that power dividers are critical components in various communication systems, and their performance directly affects the overall system efficiency. The conventional structure of the power divider has an acceptable performance at operating frequency in terms of excellent output ports isolation, low insertion loss, and high return loss, but occupies large size and passes unwanted signals at higher frequencies along with desired signal without any suppression. Harmonics are popular distortion and has different distortion impacts in many different facilities. Recently, several techniques are introduced to overcome these drawbacks. Applied open stubs, applied resonators, lumped reactive components such as capacitors and inductors, coupled lines, defected ground structure (DGS), and electronic band gaps are common methods, which are widely used to overcome these drawbacks. Finally, the study results show that the resonator-based power dividers and coupled-line-based power dividers have good performances in terms of size reduction and harmonic suppression but increase insertion loss parameter. Furthermore, the lumped reactive component-based power dividers and applied DGS and electromagnetic bandgap cells suppress unwanted harmonics, but they need extra process to fabrication, which is undesirable. Moreover, the open-stub-based power dividers have moderate performance with simple structure, but size reduction and harmonics suppression are not so superior in this method.

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Author Biographies

Sobhan Roshani, Department of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, 6718997551, Iran

Sobhan Roshani is an Assistant Professor at the ‎Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran. He got the B.Sc. degree in Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, the M.Sc. degree in Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran and the Ph.D. degree in, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. His research interests are in switching power amplifiers, optimization and neural networks, artificial intelligence, and microwave circuits. Dr. Sobhan was the Head of Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Branch in 2021-2022.

Salah I. Yahya, Department of Communication and Computer Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq

Salah I. Yahya is a Visiting Professor, at Cihan University-Erbil. He has a B.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering, M.Sc. degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering and Ph.D. degree in Communication and Microwave Engineering. He is a Consultant at the Iraqi Engineering Union. Dr. Yahya is a senior member of the IEEE-USA and a member of AMTA-USA, SDIWC-Hong Kong. His research interest include; Antenna, Microwaves, EMW propagation, Numerical Dosimetry, Microwave passive components design, ANN.

Yazeed Y. Ghadi, Department of Software Engineering and Computer Science, Al Ain University, Al Ain, 64141, United Arab Emirates

Yazeed Y. Ghadi is an Associate Professor at the ‎ Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates. He got the B.Sc. degree in Computer Science, Mutah University, Jordan, the M.Sc. degree in Software Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Australia, and the Ph.D. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from Queensland University. His research interests are in Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, Computer Vision, Deep Learning, Deep learning Classification Algorithms, IoT, RF circuits, and Advance Convolutional Neural Network. Dr. Yazeed has published more than 80 peer-reviewed journal and conference papers and he holds three pending patents. He is the recipient of several awards.

Saeed Roshani, Department of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, 6718997551, Iran

Saeed Roshani is an Associate Professor at the ‎Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran. He got the B.Sc. degree in Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, the M.Sc. degree in Iran Shahed University, Tehran, Iran and the Ph.D. degree in, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. His research interests are in microwave circuits, passive and active devices, neural networks and artificial intelligence. Dr. Saeed was the Head of Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Branch in 2018-2019.

Fariborz Parandin, Department of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, 6718997551, Iran

Fariborz Parandin received the B.Sc and M.Sc degrees in electrical engineering from the University of Razi, Kermanshah, Iran. He obtained his PhD degree in Optoelectronics from Razi University in 2017. He joined the Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Branch, in 2008. He is currently the associate professor of electrical engineering at Islamic Azad University. His research interests include optoelectronics, semiconductor lasers, photonic crystals, and applications of photonic integrated circuits.

Behnam D. Yaghouti, Department of Information and Communications Technology, Amin University, Tehran, Iran

Behnam Dorostkar is an assistant professor at the Department of Information and Communication Technology, College of ICT, Amin University. He got the B.Sc. degree in electronic engineering, the M.Sc. degree in electronic engineering and the Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering. His research interests are in microelectronics, warfare electronics, and signal processing. Dr. Dorostkar is a member of the Iranian microelectronic association.

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Size Reduction and Harmonics Suppression in Microwave Power Dividers

A Comprehensive Review

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