Synthesis Development and Molecular Docking  Study of New Azo Chalcone Derivatives

Myasar Kh. Ibrahim; Shireen R.  Mohammed

doi:10.14500/aro.11522

Myasar Kh. Ibrahim Department of Basic Science, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7314-7260
Shireen R. Mohammed Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Zakho, Duhok, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-5190

Keywords: Azo Chalcone Compounds, Synthesis, Antiviral Activity, SARS-CoV-2, Molecular Docking

Abstract

This work is divided into two main parts. The first part involves the synthesis of new azo chalcone compounds through a two-step process. Initially, azo compounds are synthesized by diazotizing 3-nitroaniline, followed by a coupling reaction with 4-hydroxyacetophenone, which has a terminal ketone group. Subsequently, the resulting product undergoes a Claisen–Schmidt condensation reaction with various aromatic aldehyde substrates to produce new α, β-unsaturated ketones, known as azo chalcone compounds. The successful synthesis of these compounds is confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ¹HNMR, and ¹³C NMR spectral analyses. The second part of this study explores the theoretical biological activity of the synthesized compounds against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 through molecular docking studies. The results indicate potential antiviral properties for each compound, with compounds B5 and B8 exhibiting the most promising results. These compounds achieved higher docking scores (ΔG −6.235 kcal/mol and −5.832 kcal/mol, respectively) and each formed four hydrogen bonds with the target protein.

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Author Biographies

Myasar Kh. Ibrahim, Department of Basic Science, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

Myasar Kh. Ibrahim is a Lecturer at the Department of Basic Science, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok. He got the B.Sc. degree in Chemistry Science, the M.Sc. degree in Organic chemistry. His research interests are in Organic synthesis, Solvatochromism and instrumental analysis. Myasar is a member of Kurdistan Chemists Syndicate.

Shireen R. Mohammed, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Zakho, Duhok, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

Shireen R. Mohammed is a Professor at the Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Zakho. She got the B.Sc. degree in Chemistry Science, the M.Sc. degree in organic chemistry and the Ph.D. degree in organic chemistry. Her research interests are in organic synthesis, heterocyclic and organometallic. Dr. Shireen is a member of the editorial board of American Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry, SCIREA Journal of Chemistry and Oriental Journal of Chemistry.

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